Find the latest business news on Wall Street, jobs and the economy, the housing market, personal finance and money investments and much more on ABC News. Cheating Dome, your magical resource for Cheats, Hints, Tips, Achievements and Trophies! ![]() Greatest Hits (Play. Station) - Wikipedia. Official banners used on Play. Station game covers. Greatest Hits are video games for the North American Sony. Play. Station, Play. Station 2, Play. Station 3, and Play. Station Portable consoles that have been officially re- released at a lower price by Sony. While the term . Typical for marketing labels like Greatest Hits and Xbox Classics. Greatest Hits titles are colloquially referred to as . This refers to the colored band that is added to the packaging to differentiate it from regular releases (which are similarly referred to as . GameFly, the #1 video game rental service. Rent and buy PS4, PS3, PS Vita, PS2, PSP, Xbox One, Xbox 360, Xbox, GameCube, 3DS, DS, Wii U, Wii, GBA new or used video. GameRevolution.com is a property of CraveOnline Media, LLC, an Evolve Media, LLC company. A game can earn this distinction if it meets certain sales criteria within two years after its release. The original versions of the game (often referred to as . There are also . These mainly are . Though Sony- developed games are virtually guaranteed to eventually become Greatest Hits titles by meeting their sales and age requirements, 3rd party developers are not required to release their titles with a Greatest Hits label even if said titles meet the criteria. Additionally, Sony allows 3rd party developers some flexibility in the pricing of their own Greatest Hits titles, but most of them stick to the agreed- upon suggested retail price. Games that are multi- million sellers may become Greatest Hits titles much later than 9 months to maximize profits. It is also a common practice for a game to re- release on the Greatest Hits label at a close proximity to the release of that game's sequel or follow- up. In 2. 00. 6, Sony extended the Greatest Hits program to the Play. Station Portable. The Greatest Hits price for Play. Station Portable games typically begins at $1. On July 2. 8, 2. 00. Play. Station 3. A Play. Station 3 game must be on the market for 1. Greatest Hits criteria. Play. Station 3 Greatest Hits titles currently sell at $2. Since the PS4's release on November 1. Usually these additions are small bonuses, such as the inclusion of bugfixes, new game demos or soundtrack CDs, or slight improvements such as adding analog control or vibration functionality to games that did not have these features in their original releases. Occasionally, significant changes are implemented into the game. Noteworthy examples of this are the Greatest Hits special editions of Devil May Cry 3: Dante's Awakening. Anahtar Kelimeler : Farming Simulator 2013 Archived from the original on 2. Retrieved 2. 01. 4- 1. May 2. 01. 6. Archived from the original on 2.
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Intel(R) 82945G Express Chipset Family free download. Get the latest version now. Intel(R) 945G Express Chipset Family. Intel® Chipsets provide extreme power and performance for consumers, enthusiasts, or the enterprise with enhanced audio and video capabilities. Intel GMA - Wikipedia. GMA 9. 50 on Intel DG9. GCPE motherboard (only heat sink visible)The Intel Graphics Media Accelerator, or GMA, is a series of integrated graphics processors introduced in 2. Intel, replacing the earlier Intel Extreme Graphics series and being succeeded by the Intel HD and Iris Graphics series. This series targets the market of low- cost graphics solutions. The products in this series are integrated onto the motherboard, have limited graphics processing power, and use the computer's main memory for storage instead of a dedicated video memory. They are commonly found on netbooks, low- priced laptops and desktop computers, as well as business computers which do not need high levels of graphics capability. In early 2. 00. 7, about 9. PC motherboards sold had an integrated GPU. Later, Intel integrated the i. Intel 8. 10 chipset. The original architecture of GMA systems supported only a few functions in hardware, and relied on the host CPU to handle at least some of the graphics pipeline, further decreasing performance. However, with the introduction of Intel's 4th generation of GMA architecture (GMA X3. The 4th generation of GMA combines fixed function capabilities with a threaded array of programmable executions units, providing advantages to both graphics and video performance. Many of the advantages of the new GMA architecture come from the ability to flexibly switch as needed between executing graphics- related tasks or video- related tasks. While GMA performance has been widely criticized in the past as being too slow for computer games, sometimes being nicknamed Intel GMD (Graphics Media Decelerator) and being essentially referred to as the world's first . Intel used the low- power Power. VR MBX designs in chipsets supporting their XScale platform, and since the sale of XScale in 2. Power. VR SGX and used it in the GMA 5. IGP for use with their Atom platform. With the introduction of the Platform Controller Hub, the Graphics Media Accelerator series ceased, and the CPU- based Intel HD and Iris Graphics series was created. Graphics cores. It is a 4 pixel per clock cycle design supporting Direct. X 9 pixel shader model 2. It operates at a clock rate ranging from 1. MHz, depending on the particular chipset. At 3. 33 MHz, it has a peak pixel fill- rate of 1. However, the architecture still lacks support for hardware transform and lighting and the similar vertex shader technologies. Like previous Intel integrated graphics parts, the GMA 9. MPEG- 2motion compensation, color- space conversion and Direct. Draw overlay. The processor uses different separate clock generators for display and render cores. The display unit includes a 4. MHz RAMDAC, two 2. ![]() Driver Description: Intel(R) G33/G31 Express Chipset Family: Driver Manufacturer: Intel Corporation: Driver Type: Display Adapters: Driver Version: 6.14.10.4935. Datasheet: Mobile Intel® 945 Express Chipset Family feature support includes processor, graphics, register, and more.
From Intel: Mobile Intel(R) 945GM Express Chipset Family: The Mobile Intel 945GM Express chipset's low power design enables up to 28% less average power consumption.Mpixel/s serial DVO ports, and two display controllers. In mobile chipsets, up to two 1. MHz LVDS transmitters are included. GMA 9. 50. It supports Pixel Shader 2. Open. GL 1. 4, but Hardware Vertex Shader isn't supported. GMA 3. 15. 0. Like GMA 3. GMA 3. 00. 0, this is a very close relative of the GMA9. GMA X3. 00. 0 series. Supports up to 3. MB video memory, Direct. X 9, Shader Model 3. Open. GL 1. 5 with Microsoft Windows and Open. GL 2. 1 with Linux. Ex HP Mini 1. 10 or 2. Slot Ram, Max Ram 2. GB. It is based more directly on the previous generation GMA 9. GMA 9. 50 graphics, and belonging to the same . It has pixel and vertex shaders which only support Shader Model 2. In addition, hardware video acceleration such as hardware- based i. DCT computation, Proc. Amp (video stream independent color correction), and VC- 1 decoding are not implemented in hardware. Of the GMA 3. 00. Q9. 65 retains dual independent display support. The core speed is rated at 4. MHz with 1. 6 Gpixel/s fill rate in datasheets, but was listed as 6. MHz core in the white paper. Each pipeline can process video, vertex, or texture operations. A central scheduler dynamically dispatches threads to pipeline resources, to maximize rendering throughput (and decrease the impact of individual pipeline stalls.) However, due to the scalar nature of the execution units, they can only process data on a single pixel component at a time. This causes some difficulty when measuring peak throughput of its various functions. Further adding to the confusion, it is listed as 6. MHz in Intel G9. 65 white paper, but listed as 4. MHz in Intel G9. 65 datasheet. There are various rules that define the IGP's processing capabilities. The shaders support shader model 4. Architecturally, the GMA X3. GMA X3. 00. 0. The major difference between them is that the GMA X3. Shader Model 4. 0 and Direct. X 1. 0, whereas the earlier X3. Shader Model 3. 0 and Direct. X 9. The X3. 10. 0 supports hardware transform and lighting, up to eight programmable shader units, and up to 3. MB video memory. Its display cores can run up to 3. MHz on GM9. 65 and 3. MHz on GL9. 60. Its render cores can run up to 5. MHz on GM9. 65 and 4. MHz on GL9. 60. The X3. MHz RAMDAC, two 2. MHz LVDS transmitters, 2 DVO encoders, and a TV encoder. Under Windows, the driver supports Direct. X 1. 0. 0. Intel designed the GMA X4. GMA 3. 10. 0 (G3. DMark. 06 performance. Featurewise, the 4. MHD is identical to its desktop cousin, the X4. HD. Rather than being developed in- house, this core is a Power. VR SGX 5. 35 core licensed from Imagination Technologies. Features include screen tiling, internal true color processing, zero overhead anti- aliasing, programmable shader 3. D accelerator, and 3. Essentially, this is the same graphic system as the GMA 5. Unlike the original Power. VR solution, this model is clocked at 4. MHz instead of 2. MHz. It supports Direct. X version 9. 0c. GMA 3. It supports Direct. X version 9. 0c. Specifications. It is supported by newer chipsets (e. Intel G4. 5) and operating systems (since Windows Vista). Different modes are supported: Disabled. PAVP Lite: Reserves buffer memory for encryption of compressed video data. Paranoid PAVP: Reserve memory during boot which isn't seen by the Operating System. This disables Windows Aero in Windows Vista. The default setting in most BIOS is PAVP Lite. Within Intel HD Graphics, the successor of Intel GMA, a similar technology called Intel Insider exists. Software support. However, special modifications to the kext file must be made to enable Core Image and Quartz Extreme. Although the new Mac. Book line no longer uses the X3. Mac OS X 1. 0. 5 (Leopard) ships with drivers supporting it that require no modifications to the kext file. Mac OS X 1. 0. 6 (Snow Leopard), which includes a new 6. X3. 10. 0 drivers. No 6. 4- bit drivers were offered in OS X Lion. Subsequently, OS X Mountain Lion dropped 3. The combination of these two changes in graphics driver code resulted in many Mac revisions being unable to upgrade to Mountain Lion, as their GPUs cannot be replaced. For a while Mac. Book and Mac. Book Pro notebooks instead shipped with a far more powerful. The NVIDIA Ge. Force 9. M chipset implemented in Apple Mac. Books did not support composite or S- video output. In practice, chipsets through 4. MHD are supported with DRM and 3. D using Free. BSD 9. Work to integrate GEM and KMS is currently adding support for i- series integrated graphics and improving support for earlier chipsets. In August 2. 00. 6, Intel added support to the open- source X. Org/XFree. 86 drivers for the latest 9. GMA (X)3. 00. 0 core. In addition, the 2. This version added support for automatic video mode detection and selection, monitor hot plug, dynamic extended and merged desktops and per- monitor screen rotation. These features are built into the X. Org 7. 3 X server release and will eventually be supported across most of the open source X. Org video drivers. In January 2. 00. Intel released the complete developer documentation for their, at the time, latest chipsets (9. G3. 5 chipset), allowing for further external developers' involvement. There are no Intel supported FOSS drivers. The current available FOSS drivers (included in Linux 3. D acceleration (not 3. D acceleration). Support is present in an experimental way for 1. Ubuntu 1. 2. 1. 0 has 2. D support included. The Direct Rendering Manager and X. D component (using Gallium. D) will still be proprietary. However, no WHQL certified WDDM driver has been made available. Presumably this is due to the lack of a . Intel, however, contends that Microsoft's final specs for Aero/WDDM certification did not permit releasing a WDDM driver for GMA9. Vista was released, no WDDM driver was released. There are no native GMA9. Windows 8 since XDDM support is removed from this operating system. On GMA9. 00 based laptops with Windows 7, users may experience a serious bug related to the chipset's native backlight control method failing to change brightness, resulting in the brightness becoming stuck on a particular value after driver installation. The bug did not occur when Windows 7 was initially released to the public and is commonly observed after running Windows Update. This bug also occurs in GMA3. GMA 9. 50 on Windows. Drivers are shipped with Windows Vista since beta versions became available in mid- 2. It can also run Windows 7's Aero interface since Intel released drivers for Windows 7 in mid- June 2. The GMA 9. 50 is integrated into many netbooks built on Intel 9. GSE Express chipset, and is able to display a resolution up to 2. Other games such as Crysis will start, but with frame rates below acceptable. GMA X3. 00. 0/X3. Windows. XP support for VS3 and T& L was introduced on August 1. Intel announced in March 2. June 2. 00. 7. Selection is based on testing by Intel and preselected in the driver . Intel has released production version drivers for 3. Windows Vista that enable the Aero graphics. Intel introduced Direct X 1. X3. 10. 0 and X3. GPUs in the Vista 1. DX1. 0 drivers for the X3. WDDM 1. 1 is supported by X3. DXVA- HD is not. Open. GL 2. 0 support is available since Vista 1. Thus, they're sometimes even dubbed . For example, an Atom N4. CPU and GMA 3. 15. RIVA TNT2 PC with a 1. GHz Pentium 4 sometimes even experience frame drops with pre- 2. GHz Pentium Dual Core with the same GPU will perform more closely to a Ge. Virtual DJ Software, MP3 and Video mix software. 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Jacksons, Stevie Wonder, Lenny Welch, Dells, Ray Parker jr, Wendell B, Unified Tribe, Candi Staton, Billy Griffn, Traciana Graves, Fatback Band, Jazzhole, Charles Wright, Maysa, Chairmen of the Board, HIL ST. SOUL, Soundoctrine, Holland, Dozier, Holland, RRHOF, Supremes, Marlon Saunders, Bev Smith, George Clinton, Delfonics, Chi- Lites, Jimmy Castor, Earth, Wind and Fire, Dick Clark, Miracles, Martha Reeves, Donny Hathaway, Music Streaming, Music Downloads, Radio Program,Welcome To Soul- Patrol. Net Radio. Streaming 2. Black Music: Classic Soul, R& B, Nu Soul, Jazz, Blues, Southern Soul, Rock n' Roll, Funk, Motown, Stax, Slow Jams, Black Rock, Doo Wop, New Releases, Interviews, Commentary and more Get THE FREE Real. Player at www. real. LISTEN to Soul- Patrol Radio. I am so grateful that George Griggs, Scott Westerman and Jim Feliciano have joined forces to bring back all the great Motor City radio memories we grew up with. Save some time and go direct to: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z, NUMERIC A A Case Of Time - Manifesto - Youth Club Music. A memoir of the trip to New York City for the Sam Rivers, Dave Holland, and Barry Altschul concert at Columbia University's Miller Theatre, May 25th, 2007. Doo Wop Shoo Bop various artist cd page. Each entry includes cd title, track listing and brief description. Soul-Patrol Radio is all about listening to Black Music, Classic Soul Music, R&B Music, Soul Music, Neo Soul Music, NuSoul, Jazz Music, Blues Music, Southern Soul. ![]() Short, obscure winter days make us dream about springtime. This most desired time of the year is now officially here and along with it, there is a growing necessity. Archives and past articles from the Philadelphia Inquirer, Philadelphia Daily News, and Philly.com. Take a listen to the shows listed below and let us know what you think: Email Soul- Patrol. Net Radio. Listen to the NEW Stank Azz release from Sonny. Boy - ! Hosted by Bob Davis. INTRODUCING: Lisa Mc. Clowry - Time Signatures: Time Signature, Waiting For You, Born Twice, Roses For No Reason, Powerful Day, In A Word, . Hosted by Earl Gregory. Ohio Players 2 Hour Spectacular: Featuring a 4. Interview with Leroy . Hosted by Bob Davis and ELP. Soul- Patrol Teddy Pendergrass Tribute (2. Interview with Billy Paul, Commentary w/King George & Bob Davis. Teddy Pendergrass Master Mix by King George + all of Teddys big solo hits & w/ Harold Melvin, Cadillacs, Whitney Houston & Stephanie Mills, Miles Jaye's instrumental of You. Includes songs such as: Should I stay or should I go, The love I lost, Bad Luck, Life is a song worth singing, You can. Some SERIOUS '3am FUNK' in the tradition of Isaac Hayes, Teddy P, Chuck Jackson, Barry White. Listen to Jackson 5 - I Want You Back! Unreleased Masters. Hosted by Gary & Mario (Introduced by Joe Jackson)Listen to Latimore - All About the Rhythm and the Blues (Introduced by Tre Williams). Hosted by Earl Gregory. Listen to N'Dambi's great new album . Introduced by Isaac Hayes and hosted by nightrain. LISTEN TO: NEW MANDRILL CD SUNSHINE + WILSON BROS INTERVIEW. Includes an analysis of P- Funk influences, past present and future, from Doo Wop to Hip Hop. Also includes the classic FUNKADELIC songs: 'Hit It and Quit It' and 'Standing On The Verge Of Getting It On'. Calvin Richardson Facts Of Life: The Soul Of Bobby Womack - A Woman's Gotta Have It, Across 1. Street, I Can Understand It, Harry Hippy, American Dream, Daylight, I'm Through Trying To Prove My Love To You. Hosted by Earl Gregory and introduced by Michael Cooper of Con- Funk- Tion)Teena Marie - . Hosted by Kevin Amos and additional commentary from Teena Marie) Listen To a Soul- Patrol. Net Radio Exclusive: Gerald Alston Sings Sam Cooke: You Send Me, Sentimental Reasons, Only Sixteen, Wonderful World, Chain Gang, Cupid, Twistin'The Night Away,Bring It On Home To Me, Having A Party, A Change Is Gonna Come, Good Times,That's Where It's At, A Change Is Gonna Come - Live Hosted by . Broadcast introduced by Baby Washington, and hosted by nightrain Michael Jackson Tribute at the Apollo: The music of Micheal Jackson live from the Apollo on 6/3. Chubb Rock, Remarks from Rev Al Sharpton, Congressman Charles Rangel, On site interviews with Queen Mother/Mayor of Harlem, Devena + Two Funky White Chicks. Broadcast introduced by Joe Jackson, and hosted by Bob Davis Leela James - Let's Do It Again on Soul- Patrol Radio. Clean Up Woman, 2. Miss You, 3. It's A Man's Man's Man's World, 4. Baby I'm Scared Of You, 5. You Know How To Love Me, 6. I Want To Know What Love Is, 7. Nobody Know's You When You're Down And Out, 8. I'd Rather Be With You, 1. Simply Beautiful, 1. Let's Do It Again.. Hosted by . 1 Talk of the town, 2 I Can Go For That, 3 Easy Does It, 4 Forget Me Nots, 5 Duplicity, 6 Secret Crush.. Hosted by THA FUNKOVERLORD (Kevin Amos)3. Degrees of Funk - 2. Jack Mc. Duff, Joseph Wooten, Howard Hewitt, Booker T, Denise La. Salle, Toby Mack, Candi Staton, MFSB, Don Byron, Diplomettes of Solid Sound, Sly and the Family Stone, Buckshot Le. Fonque, James Brown + Living Colour + Chuck D/Kyle Jason (Tribute to Talkin Loud), Clinton Administration, Freekbass, Plunky B (hosted by Dr Brookenstien and Nightrain). De' Nate' - Reminice on Soul- Patrol Radio. Still Be Strong, 2 So Sexy, 3 Reminisce, 4 Secret Garden.. Hosted by THA FUNKOVERLORD (Kevin Amos)Sharon Jones & Dap Kings: Obama 1. Days Special, (Obama 1. Day Summary +Ray Parker Jr Intro + Best of Sharon Jones & Dap Kings) - Ray Parker Jr Intro, President Obama's 1. Days, 1. 00 Days/1. Nights, This Land Is Your Land, What Have You Done For Me Lately, Inspiration Information, Hoinky Tonk Popcorn, All Over Again, Let Them Knock, Fish In My Dish, Layin In The Cut, My Man Is an Eman.. Hosted by MR. ROGERS (yes his neighborhood now includes Soul- Patrol Radio)MONEY TALK: LOU WILSON & TODAY'S PEOPLE - Whip It, Settle Down, Money Talk, Around the Corner from Love, Dog in the House, Taking over my Baby's Mind, If It Ain't Broke, Don't Try to Fix It, Roots of My Heart, I'm Not Limited, You Laid Your Love On Me, Mis- high and Mighty, Ain't Been Hittin It, I Heard It Through the Grapvine, Can I Depend On You. Mabel John & Funkadelic. MALLIA FRANKIN (THE QUEEN OF FUNK) : A History of the Funk (featuring George Clinton, Bootsy Collins and others). Tre Williams: 1. Stay Free, 2. Sorry's Not Enough, 3. Everybody Knows, 4. I Don't Want To Know, 5. Because Of You, 6. Heavy Metal Blues, 7. He's A Hustler, Hosted by . Well think again and listen to two hours of great music including great commentary & analysis. Also featuring the music of BB King, Jimi Hendrix, Return To Forever, Chuck Brown and more. Listen To a Soul- Patrol. Net Radio Exclusive: James Hunter: 4. Interview + Music (5. The Hard Way) Hosted by Bob Davis & Earl Gregory. Listen To a Soul- Patrol. Net Radio Exclusive: The Sugar Pie Desanto Soul- Patrol Mix - In The Basement (pt 1& 2 w/Etta James), I Want To Know, Mama Didn't Raise No Fool, Maybe You'll Be There, Do I Make Myself Clear (w/Etta James), Can't Lat You Go, Soulful Dress, Going Back To Where I Belong, She's Got Everything, Slip In Males, Use What You Got, Hello SF (pt 1& 2), R& B Hall of Fame Hosted by T. Watts. Listen To a Soul- Patrol. Net Radio Exclusive: Chante Moore - Love the Woman Hosted by nightrain. Listen To a Soul- Patrol. Net Radio Exclusive DOUBLE PLAY: Hil St Soul: Black Rose + SOULdified Hosted by Kevin Amos (Tha Funkoverlord)Listen To a Soul- Patrol. Net Radio Exclusive: Eddie Floyd - Eddie Loves You So Hosted by Earl Gregory. Listen To a Soul- Patrol. Net Radio Exclusive: Global Noize: Jason Miller/DJ Logic (w/Meshell Ndegeocello, Billy Martin, Vernon Reid, John Popper, Cyro Baptista, Bernie Worrell, Karl Denson, Christian Scott) Hosted by nightrain. Listen To a Soul- Patrol. Net Radio Exclusive: Lalah Hathaway - Self Portrait Nightrain gives us an exclusive audio preview of the new album. The broadcast features the songs ! Soul- Patrol. Net Radio Goes GREEN: MICHAEL MANSON - . Listen To a Soul- Patrol. Net Radio Exclusive: Gail Jhonson - Pearls. Featuring the songs: My Soldier, Sisters, Solah, Silky Slide and Pearls. Hosted by Kevin Amos (Tha Funk. Overlord)Listen To a Soul- Patrol. Net Radio Exclusive: Chip Shelton's Peacetime - Imbued With Memories (Music + Interview) Check out this EXCLUSIVE broadcast featuring the new album Imbuded With Memories in it's entirity along with an interview with multi intrumentalist/vocalist CHIP SHELTON Listen To a Soul- Patrol. Net Radio Exclusive: Marcus Miller - Marcus (Featuring: Corine Bailey Rae, Lelah Hathaway, David Sanborn, Tom Scott)Nightrain gives us an exclusive audio preview of the new album entitled . The broadcast features the songs Higher Ground, Free, Funk Joint, Jean Pierre, Ooh, and What Is Hip. Also are some special surprises from the illustrious career of one of the ORIGINAL ! Soul- Patrol. Net Radio Exclusive: The Velons and their Divas (Clickettes, Baby Washington & the Jewels)Earl Gregory gives us an exclusive audio preview of the new album entitled The Velons and their Divas. A great modernday example of true Classic R& B, done by some folks who are TRUE ORIGINATORS! Soul- Patrol. Net Radio Exclusive: SOUL- PATROL/NU SOUL/CAMPAIGN 2. You Can Make It If You Try)The use of classic Sly & the Family Stone lyrics during the speech by Senator Obama inspired us to create a broadcast of some NEW releases (Chuck D, Gerald Alston, Chip Shelton, Nadir & Rose Stone) that we are featuring both here on Soul- Patrol and on Nu Soul @ Radio. IO. com (www. radioio. Senator Barrack Obama. Soul- Patrol. Net Radio Exclusive: Bob Baldwin - NEWURBANJAZZ.
Best Script Fonts for 2. Free Download)Script is a form of stylized, interconnected writing that tends to fall out of practice in modern day. The writing style presents a more elegant means of writing, and allows a more personalized demonstration of expressing information. Script typefaces tend to match a more personal, handwriting style that often interweaves sophisticated and artistic. Just as with any other category of font, there are many options that follow under this category that meet different needs and standards of designers and artists. They are similar to that of handwriting and calligraphy fonts and are commonly used for greeting cards, invitations, personal notes, and other emotionally expressive text. There are a variety of different script fonts that range from more formal to a rather casual style. Formal script fonts are sophisticated and connective, while the elegance of the text makes it perfect for greeting cards and invitations. The text looks best in large point font, and can be a bit overwhelming in smaller sizes. This design style is preferable to use in headlines or short blips of text, as it can get a bit tiring to read after a while. Using formal script- styled characters for lengthy text can be overwhelming for the reader, and can end up being rather illegible. In general, formal script typefaces are some of the most tidy and free flowing typefaces available that still manage to maintain an element of sophistication. When looking at casual script fonts, there is a less formalized element. ![]() Product Information. 4x4 and 5x7 hoop sizes included. Use pink for breast cancer awareness, or change the colours for other causes. Would also look cute with a ribbon. 3472+ results for disney cars font free download. Forum matches View 10+ forum results. Ad by Steeve Gruson. Privacy Policy - Contact. Some of the letters are interconnecting, while in other typefaces they are not. 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If looking to work with a particular style from a different time frame, such as the 7. If you’re in a hurry and can’t cover the whole list of hand- picked Script typefaces we've prepared for you, here's a list of our top 5 picks: Announced as 'the next classic in the Script category', Lobster is a bold typeface that has been created by Pablo Impallari. It comes in a free file that is suitable for a wide array of applications. If you're into Script fonts, you should definitely check it out. While mobile usage is surpassing desktop in all parts of the world, you should definitely check out Pacifico. Thinking of using it in commercial client work? No worries, it's allowed. This free Script comes in a truetype format. Scriptina is available as a free download and can be used privately and commercially. While mobile usage is surpassing desktop in all parts of the world, you should definitely check out Grand Hotel. This script font is a great use in vinyl wraps and mobile apps. Scratch Font by Sir Speedy of Clovis. A eye- catching and popular Script typeface, Scratch has been developed by font developer and font designer Sir Speedy of Clovis. You can use it for both personal and commercial projects. A great choice for branding, branding. If you're into Script fonts, you should definitely check it out. Versatile ligatures makes it perfect for flyers, vinyl wraps, merchandising and t- shirts. This free truetype font can be used online. It's free and comes in a opentype format. You can use it for both personal and commercial projects. It has elegant design that can be used for blogs, digital graphics and much more. It's free and comes in a opentype format. While mobile usage is surpassing desktop in all parts of the world, you should definitely check out Sail. A great choice for restaurant menus, product labels. This free Script comes in a opentype format. This free Script comes in a truetype format. It's free and comes in a truetype format. 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Culloch and Kunkel, this issue), while translesion DNA polymerases, which specifically bypass sites of DNA damage, have lower replication fidelity (see Andersen et al. DNA damage, if unrepaired, has the potential to generate mutations in somatic or germline cells, which can alter cellular phenotype and cause dysfunction and disease. To prevent such deleterious effects and safeguard the integrity of the genome, cells possess multiple mechanisms to repair DNA damage and thus prevent mutations. One such system is the critical pathway known as DNA mismatch repair (MMR). MMR corrects DNA mismatches generated during DNA replication, thereby preventing mutations from becoming permanent in dividing cells 1, 2, 3. Because MMR reduces the number of replication- associated errors, defects in MMR increase the spontaneous mutation rate 4. Inactivation of MMR in human cells is associated with hereditary and sporadic human cancers 1, 3, 5, and the MMR system is required for cell cycle arrest and/or programmed cell death in response to certain types of DNA damage 6, 7. Thus, MMR plays a role in the DNA damage response pathway that eliminates severely damaged cells and prevents both mutagenesis in the short term and tumorigenesis in the long term. The prototypical Escherichia coli MMR pathway has been extensively studied and is well characterized both biochemically and genetically. In this review, the biochemistry and genetics of E. For areas of research on human MMR not discussed in this paper or an additional discussion of MMR in other species, readers are referred to the following excellent reviews: 1, 2, 3, 8, 9, 1. Top of page. Mechanism of mismatch correction. DNA MMR in E. Mut. S, Mut. L, and Mut. H initiate MMR and play specialized biological roles in MMR in E. Mut. S possesses intrinsic ATPase activity. High- resolution structures of Mut. S bound to DNA have been determined by X- ray crystallography 1. These structures revealed that Mut. S binds to a mismatch as a homodimer. Interestingly, the mismatch- binding site is comprised of sequence- wise identical but structurally and functionally different domains from the two subunits, indicating asymmetry in the protein- DNA complex. Hence, the Mut. S homodimer acts as a virtual heterodimer when bound to a DNA mismatch. This characteristic is mimicked by eukaryotic Mut. S homologs (MSH), which function as heterodimers instead of homodimers (see below). Defects in Mut. L completely inhibit MMR in E. Despite the fact that a functional human Mut. L homolog, Mut. L. However, Mut. L may play a role as a molecular matchmaker that facilitates assembly of a functional MMR complex 3, 1. II (or Uvr. D) at the MMR initiation site 1. Like Mut. S, Mut. L functions as a homodimer and possesses ATPase activity 2. Mutations in the ATP- binding domain lead to a dominant negative mutator phenotype 2. Mut. L mutants that are defective in ATP hydrolysis but proficient in ATP binding can activate Mut. H but cannot stimulate Mut. H in response to a mismatch or Mut. S, suggesting that ATP hydrolysis by Mut. L is essential for mediating the activation of Mut. H by Mut. S 2. 2. Recent studies show that Mut. L interacts physically with the clamp loader subunits of DNA polymerase III 2. Mut. L may promote binding of DNA polymerase III to MMR intermediates. These observations suggest that MMR is coupled with DNA replication. In E. In replicating DNA, the daughter strand is transiently unmethylated, and it is the presence of hemimethylated d. GATC sequences that molecularly distinguishes the newly synthesized daughter strand from the parental DNA strand. In MMR, hemi- methylated d. GATC sites determine the strand specificity of repair. Mut. H, which recognizes hemimethylated d. GATC sequences, functions as a monomer and belongs to a family of type- II restriction endonucleases 2. Upon its recruitment and activation by Mut. S and Mut. L in the presence of ATP, Mut. H specifically incises the unmethylated daughter strand of hemimethylated d. GATC 3, 2. 2, and this strand- specific nick provides the initiation site for mismatch- provoked excision. The first step of the MMR pathway is binding of a Mut. S homodimer to the mismatch. Subsequently, a hemi- methylated d. GATC site 5. Three models have been proposed to address how mismatch binding by Mut. S leads to cleavage of the hemimethylated d. GATC site (see the section of Unsolved Fundamental Problems in MMR for details). The strand- specific nick generated by Mut. H at hemimethylated d. GATC is a starting point for excision of the mispaired base. In the presence of Mut. L, helicase II (Uvr. D) loads at the nick and unwinds the duplex from the nick towards the mismatch 1. DNA, which is rapidly bound by single- stranded DNA- binding protein (SSB) and protected from nuclease attack 2. Depending on the position of the strand break relative to the mismatch, Exo. I or Exo. X (3. The resulting single- stranded gap undergoes repair DNA resynthesis and ligation by DNA polymerase III holoenzyme, SSB, and DNA ligase 3. These early studies on E. All of these properties require functional Mut. S, Mut. L, and Mut. H. Because the mechanism of MMR is highly conserved throughout evolution, E. These similarities include substrate specificity, bidirectionality, and nick- directed strand specificity. The role of hemi- methylated d. GATC sites as a signal for strand discrimination is not conserved from E. These include human homologs of Mut. S 2. 8, 2. 9, 3. 0, 3. Mut. L 3. 3, 3. 4, 3. EXO1 3. 7, 3. 8, 3. DNA- binding protein RPA 2. PCNA) 4. 1, 4. 2, 4. DNA polymerase . At least 4 human Mut. L homologs (h. MLH1, h. MLH3, h. PMS1, and h. PMS2) have been identified 3. In a reconstituted human MMR system, h. Mut. L. Recent studies show that Mut. L. PCNA also interacts with MSH6 and MSH3 4. PCNA interaction motif termed the PIP box 5. It has been proposed that PCNA may help localize Mut. S. Although PCNA is absolutely required during 3. This observation might be explained by the fact that EXO1, a 5. Like PCNA, EXO1 also interacts with MSH2 and MLH1 3. While EXO1 can readily carry out 5. Although it has been suggested that EXO1 possesses a cryptic 3. Instead, recent studies suggest the following steps for EXO1- catalyzed 3. However, exo. 1 null mutants in mice and yeast have a weak mutator phenotype 5. MMR. Other protein components involved in human MMR include single- strand DNA- binding protein RPA, RFC, high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), and DNA pol . RPA seems to be involved in all stages of MMR: it binds to nicked heteroduplex DNA before Mut. S. Furthermore, RPA is phosphorylated after pol . Recent studies indicate that phosphorylation reduces the affinity of RPA for DNA, that unphosphorylated RPA stimulates mismatch- provoked DNA excision more efficiently than phosphorylated RPA, and that phosphorylated RPA facilitates MMR- associated DNA resynthesis more efficiently than unphosphorylated RPA 6. These results are consistent with the fact that a high- affinity RPA- DNA complex might be required to protect nascent ss. DNA and to displace DNA- bound Mut. S. HMGB1 is a mismatch- binding protein and has a DNA- unwinding activity 6. It interacts with MSH2 and MSH6 in vitro. Recent studies show that HMGB1 can substitute for RPA in an in vitro reconstituted MMR system 4. Additional studies are needed to precisely define the function of HMGB1 in MMR. Unsolved fundamental problems in MMRDespite great progress in identifying MMR proteins and genes and application of state- of- the- art biochemical and genetic approaches to analyze the mechanism of MMR in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, several key questions about this pathway remain unanswered. One of these questions concerns the mechanism by which MMR proteins facilitate the communication between two physically distant DNA sites: the mismatch and the strand discrimination signal. It is generally agreed that the strand discrimination signal is a strand- specific nick in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells (see above), although the source of the nicking activity, at least for the leading strand, is not known in eukaryotic cells. Previous studies have proposed several alternative models for this process, which can be classified into “cis- ” or “moving” and “trans- ” or “stationary” models (Figure 1). The “stationary” model (Figure 1, right) proposes that interactions among MMR proteins induce DNA bending or looping that brings the two distant sites together, while Mut. S (or the MSH heterodimers, i. In this model, the Mut. S (or MSH heterodimers) ATPase activity acts in a proofreading role to verify mismatch binding and authorize the downstream excision 2. Support for the stationary model came from the following experiments. Junop et al. Consistent with this observation, a second study demonstrated that mismatch- provoked excision could be initiated when a biotin- streptavidin blockade was placed between the mismatch and pre- existing nick 6. The “cis” or “moving” models suggest that Mut. S- Mut. L (or Mut. S. A schematic diagram for signaling between the mismatch and the strand discrimination signal is shown. Similar models apply for 3. The “stationary” or “trans” model (right) emphasizes that Mut. S or its homolog (MSH) proteins remain bound at the mismatch. It is the protein- protein interactions that induce DNA bending or looping that brings the two distant sites together. The two DNA sites can cooperate in a “trans” configuration. |